Table Of Contents
1. What Is Justice
2. Types Of Justice
What Is Justice
Justice is the concept of moral rightness based on ethics, nationality, law, religion and equality. It is the consistent and transparent will to render to everyone what is due to him or her. It is always called social justice meaning treating everybody fairly. Justice could also be defined as giving everybody his or her due right or where everybody does his or her duty for the benefit of all.
Social justice is always associated with equality and equality. Equality is fair judgment without prejudice to anyone while equality is the act of applying the same standing by the law to all, no matter their sociocultural or political or religious background.
Every community, or sate or country thrives on the basis of justice. It is based on this, that fundamental human right are constitutionally established. Except their is justice, equity, equality and fairness, people may not be given opportunity to educational pursuits, rights to religious worship, freedom to vote or to be voted for and other rights as stipulated in chapter seven of the Nigerian constitution.
Justice demand that we do what is just. Just action is referred to as what is right. In this vein, provision of amenities by the government is just and right, being punctual to school is just, studying hard to avoid examination failure is just, performing our civic duties and role remain just.
Justice demands the quality of being thinking or behaving in a correct and honest way.
This is known as sense of moral rectitude. Justice, as a social value dimensions, purposes, consequence and repercussions. Justice is bedrock of peace, progress and development. Any society or state that justice is in the foundation of it’s origin, is always distinguished from her neighbours.
Types Of Justice
The following are types of Justice obtained in a given society.
a. Personal Justice:
This is that type of justice which regulates and balances the free power of man and how he uses his power. It is Justice in the sense of person integrity and moral standard.
b. Commutative Justice:
This is another type of justice. It is the strictest of justice which regulates the contractual relationship, exchange, business and commercial activities among individual or between one community or company and another. It regulates contracts, agreements, engagements, commercial and business undertakings, sales, labour, jobs and wages on the basic of the law establishing them. What is fixed. So much is promised and so much must be laid or repaid, no more or less.
Judicial decision or verdicts on any branch of commutative justice must be passed without consideration to rank, class, sex, religion, ethnic group, or ignorance of the law because it places the principles of the rule of law for everybody.
c. Legal Justice:
This is a special type of justice which obliges those with legislature power to ensure justice and the achievement of the common good in society through the enactment of laws that are fair, honest, just and morally possible to observe. We see these in the legal systems operating as constitutional law, civil law, penal law, commercial law, labour law etc.
d. Distribution Justice:
This kind of justice requires public Functionaries and all those in positions of authority and power to distribute or dispense justice with fairness, without prejudice. The distributable resources such as social amenities, benefits, rewards, jobs, positions, promotions, scholarship and grant such as bail out funds, as well as the burden of society should be distributed in a manner that is in accordance with the merits and ranks of the citizens or individual members of society. These resource should be distributed without no fear of favour.
e. Judicial Justice:
This refers to the equitable dispensation of justice by the body of lawyers, magistrates, judges and other justices of law who have responsibility for the dispensation of justice.
f. Retributive Justice:
This is the type of justice which constitutes the foundation of penal law and demands that infringed rights and order be met by reparation or punitive measures. This type of justice enforces the restoration of the order or duties which the violent disrupted.
g. Social Justice:
This recognizes the fact that we are all members of the same human race of family and that everyone must contribute his her own quota for the attainment of the common good. Every member of the society must be responsible and conscious of his actions.