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Isiokwu Ndị Content
- Nkọwa nke Photosynthesis
- Akụrụngwa na ọnọdụ dị mkpa maka Photosynthesis
- Ihe akaebe nke Photosynthesis Na Osisi
- Mkpa nke Photosynthesis
Nkọwa nke Photosynthesis
A kọwapụtara Photosynthesis dị ka usoro nke ahịhịa ndụ ndụ na-esi emepụta nri ha (ngwugwu organic) na-eji carbon dioxide na mmiri n'ihu ìhè anyanwụ.
Mmiri na-ejikọta ya na carbon dioxide na ọnụnọ nke ìhè anyanwụ n'ime chlorophyll nke akwụkwọ iji mepụta nri (glucose) na oxygen na-atọhapụ dị ka a site-ngwaahịa. Photosynthesis na-apụta na akụkụ akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ niile nke osisi.
Usoro nke Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis bụ mmeghachi omume endothermic na ọ mejupụtara ya a usoro mmeghachi omume mgbagwoju anya. A na-achịkọta mmeghachi omume ndị a n'oge photosynthesis n'ime nkebi abụọ akpọ Mmeghachi omume ọkụ na Mmeghachi omume gbara ọchịchịrị.
1. Oge mmeghachi omume ọkụ
Ọkwa mmeghachi omume ọkụ na-eme n'ehihie ma ọ bụ n'ihu ìhè anyanwụ. A na-ejide ike ọkụ ma ọ bụ ike anyanwụ site na chlorophyll na eletrọn na-enwe mmasị. A na-eji ike ahụ tọrọ atọ kewaa mmiri n'ime hydrogen ion (H+) na hydroxyl ion (OH-). Nke a na-ekewa mmiri n'ime hydrogen ion (H+) na hydroxyl ion (OH-) bụ akpọ photolysis nke mmiri.
2. Ogbo mmeghachi omume gbara ọchịchịrị
Mmeghachi omume gbara ọchịchịrị na-eme n'abalị ma ọ bụ n'ime enweghị nke ìhè. Tinyere ike nke ATP na-enye, mbelata compound Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NADP) na-eduga na assimilation nke carbon dioxide. Site na a usoro nke usoro na-achịkwa a enzyme pụrụ iche, a atọ carbon ngwakọta (CH20) ma ọ bụ shuga na-etolite.
CH20 bụ carbon Ọdịdị nke a na-emepụta shuga dị mfe, abụba na mmanụ, protein wdg n'oge mmeghachi omume gbara ọchịchịrị.
Ngwa na ọnọdụ achọrọ maka Photosynthesis
Ka photosynthesis wee mee, ụfọdụ ihe ma ọ bụ ọnọdụ ga-adịrịrị. Ndị a bụ carbon (iv) oxide, mmiri, chlorophyll, ìhè anyanwụ, ịnweta nnu, okpomọkụ kwesịrị ekwesị na enzymes.
mgbe carbon (iv) oxide, mmiri, ìhè anyanwụ, ịnweta nnu na okpomọkụ kwesịrị ekwesị bụ ọnọdụ mpụga ma ọ bụ ihe, chlorophyll na enzymes bụ ọnọdụ dị n'ime ma ọ bụ ihe ndị dị mkpa maka photosynthesis.
1. carbon (iv) oxide: carbon (iv) oxide na-enweta site na ikuku na ọ na-agbasa n'ime oghere intercellular site na stomata nke akwụkwọ.
2. Mmiri na ịnweta nnu: A na-esi na ala nweta mmiri na ịnweta nnu. Ha na-agafe na mgbọrọgwụ osisi site na mgbọrọgwụ ntutu site a usoro akpọ osmosis. Mmiri na mgbaze ịnweta salts na-eduzi xylem site na mgbọrọgwụ site na azuokokoosisi na n'ikpeazụ na mesophyll cell nwere chlorophyll nke epupụta.
3. Ìhè anwụ: A na-enweta ìhè anyanwụ site na ike anyanwụ. Ìhè sitere na anyanwụ bụ chlorophyll nke akwụkwọ ahụ tọrọ atọ.
4. Kachasị okpomọkụ: A na-enweta okpomọkụ site na ike anyanwụ na akụkụ nke mmeghachi omume kemịkal dị n'ime akwụkwọ mgbe okpomọkụ na-emepụta. Ọnọdụ okpomọkụ dị mma dị mkpa maka enzymes iji mee ka ha rụọ ọrụ nke ọma n'oge photosynthesis.
5. Chlorophyll: Chlorophyll bụ agba agba ndụ ndụ a na-ahụ na pallisade na spongy mesophyll nke akwụkwọ. Chlorophyll na-anọchi anya saịtị ebe enwere ike ịhazi nri na ọ na-enyere aka ijide ike anyanwụ wee gbanwee ya ka ọ bụrụ ike kemịkal.
Ihe akaebe nke Photosynthesis na Osisi
1. Nhazi nke shuga na starch: Isi ngwaahịa a na-emepụta n'oge photosynthesis bụ shuga dị mfe. A na-eji obere shuga a kpụrụ akpụ a na-eji ya eme ihe, a na-agbanwekwa ya ka ọ bụrụ starch ozugbo maka nchekwa. A na-ebuga starch ahụ gaa n'akụkụ ndị ọzọ nke osisi ahụ site na arịa phloem maka nchekwa. Usoro a bụ akpọ ntụgharị asụsụ.
Ụzọ kachasị mma isi gosipụta ihe akaebe nke photosynthesis na osisi bụ iji nwalee akwukwo maka starch. Enwere ike ime ule starch site na nnwale a n'okpuru:
Mgbalị: Iji nwalee maka ọnụnọ starch na akwukwo.
Akụrụngwa chọrọ: Akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ ọhụrụ sitere na osisi dị n'èzí, beakers, burner, tubes na-esi esi, tube na-adaba, tile ọcha na ngwọta ayodiin.
Usoro: Buru ụzọ sie akwụkwọ ahụ n'ime mmiri maka nkeji 4-6 ka o wee gbuo mkpụrụ ndụ, mee ka enzymes rụọ ọrụ wee gbawaa ọka starch dị ugbu a.
Mgbe ahụ, minye akwukwo n'ime a ule tube nwere mmanya 70% iji mee ka akwụkwọ ahụ dị mma. Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, a na-etinye akwụkwọ ahụ na-acha odo odo n'ime ya a beaker nwere mmiri ọkụ iji mee ka ọ dị nro. N'ikpeazụ, tinye akwụkwọ ahụ a ọcha tile ma wụsa ole na ole tụlee nke ayodiin ngwọta na ụzọ. N'ime nnwale njikwa, a akwukwo si a A na-egbutu osisi ndị echekwara na kọbọd gbara ọchịchịrị wee nwalee maka starch.
Nchọpụta: A na-ahụ na akwụkwọ ahụ a chụpụrụ n'osisi ahụ dị n'èzí tụgharịrị na-acha anụnụ anụnụ na ngwọta ayodiin ebe akwụkwọ nke ọzọ (nnwale njikwa) nọgidere na-enweghị isi.
mmechi: Ebe ọ bụ na akwụkwọ ndị dị na nnwale n'ezie agbanyela na-acha anụnụ anụnụ-oji na ngwọta ayodiin, ọ na-egosi na photosynthesis emeela ma ọ bụ na-emepụta starch site na akwukwo.
Mkpa Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis dị ezigbo mkpa ma osisi na anụmanụ maka ihe ndị a:
1. Mmepụta nri: Photosynthesis na-enye ma osisi ma anụmanụ nri. Osisi ndụ ndụ niile bụ ike imepụta nri ha site na usoro photosynthesis ebe ụmụ anụmanụ na-adabere ozugbo ma ọ bụ na-edoghị anya na ahịhịa ndụ ndụ ndị a maka nri ha.
2. Ịdị ọcha nke ikuku: Ngwa mkpofu dị ka carbon (iv) oxide ewepụtara n'oge iku ume nke osisi na anụmanụ na-ewepụ na ikuku site na osisi maka ojiji n'oge photosynthesis.
3. <> Mwepụta Oxygen na Gburugburu Ebe Obibi: A na-ewepụta ikuku oxygen dị mkpa maka iku ume nke ihe ọkụkụ na anụmanụ na-esi na ya pụta n’ime gburugburu ebe obibi n’oge photosynthesis.
4. Ọ na-eje ozi dị ka ihe mgbochi maka ihe ndị ọzọ: Photosynthesis na-enye ngọngọ ụlọ ma ọ bụ carbon skeleton nke a na-ewu ihe oriri ndị ọzọ dị ka protein, abụba, mmanụ wdg.